Zaxchin Mongols

The Zaxchin ("border people") live in Altai, Manxan, Zereg and U'yench sums of Xovd aimag, as well as in Mo'st sum of Xovd aimag alongside the Urianxai. There were 29 766 Zaxchins in Mongolia in 2000. The Zaxchin originated as border guards, responsible for defending the boundaries of the Zu'u'ngar Empire in the late 17th and early 18th centuries. There were about 20 otogs in the Zu'u'ngar Empire during the 18th century, one of which was Zaxchin. Approximately 2000 Zaxchin families were governed by three Zaisans appointed by the Xaan. In the process of defeating the Zu'u'ngar Empire, the Manchu wiped out all but 60 of these families. The remaining families were settled in a xoshuu along the Oirad borderland and subjected to the Manchu General of Uliastai until 1777, after which time they were controlled by the Manchu Ministry of Xovd and divided into two xoshuus. Since the end of the 18th century, Zaxchin have lived continuously alongside the Torguud in the west; alongside the Altain Urianxai in the north-west; alongside the Xovd Tariachin and the O'o'ld in the north; and alongside the Urianxais of Zasagt Xan aimag in the east.

CategoryEncyclopaediaMongolica

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